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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-014 Diagnostic Testing of Common Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), often referred to as sexually transmitted diseases or STDs, include a variety of pathogenic bacteria, virus, and other microorganisms that are spread through sexual contact and can cause a multitude of complications if left untreated.

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-016 β-Hemolytic Streptococcus Testing

Streptococcus are Gram-positive, catalase-negative bacteria that are further divided into α-hemolytic, such as S. pneumoniae and S. mutans; β-hemolytic, such as S. pyogenes (Group A), S. agalactiae (Group B), and S. dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis (Groups C and G); and γ-hemolytic, such as Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium (Wessels, 2022).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-021 Testing for Diagnosis of Active or Latent Tuberculosis

Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) results in a wide range of clinical presentations dependent upon the site of infection from classic signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease (cough greater than two to three weeks' duration, lymphadenopathy, fevers, night sweats, weight loss) to silent infection with a complete absence of signs or symptoms (Lewinsohn et al., 2017).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-022 Cervical Cancer Screening

Cervical cancer screening detects cervical precancerous lesions and cancer through cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, and if needed, colposcopy (Feldman et al., 2023).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-028 Measurement of Thromboxane Metabolites for ASA Resistance

Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) is a metabolite that causes platelet activation in the cyclooxygenase metabolic pathway (Abrams, 2023).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-031 Bone Turnover Markers Testing

Bone metabolism involves a continual, dynamic equilibrium between bone growth and resorption. Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are biochemical markers for assessment of bone formation or bone resorption.

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-032 Epithelial Cell Cytology in Breast Cancer Risk Assessment

Nipple aspiration and/or ductal lavage are non-invasive techniques to obtain epithelial cells for cytological examination to aid in the evaluation of nipple discharge for breast cancer risk (Golshan, 2022).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-035 Prostate Biopsy Specimen Analysis

Prostate cancer is characterized by a malignancy of the small walnut-shaped gland that produces seminal fluid. This malignancy can present with a wide clinical range, from only being a microscopic, well-differentiated tumor that may never be clinically significant all the way to being an aggressive, high-grade cancer (Taplin & Smith, 2023).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-036 Immune Cell Function Assay

Immune cell function assays involve measurement of peripheral blood lymphocyte response (intracellular ATP levels, proliferation) following stimulation to assess the degree of functionality of the cell-mediated immune response (Buttgereit et al., 2000).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-039 In Vitro Chemoresistance and Chemosensitivity Assays

In vitro chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance assays refer to any in vitro laboratory analysis that is performed specifically to evaluate whether tumor growth is inhibited by a known chemotherapy drug or, more commonly, a panel of drugs (Hatok et al., 2009; Schrag et al., 2004).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-043 Biochemical Markers of Alzheimer Disease and Dementia

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease defined by a gradual decline in memory, cognitive functions, gross atrophy of the brain, and accumulation of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (Karch et al., 2014).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2023
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-045 Biomarkers for Myocardial Infarction and Chronic Heart Failure

Cardiac biomarkers are the biochemical markers released in blood from injured myocardial tissue in both acute and chronic conditions, such as myocardial infarction or heart failure.

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