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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-051 Celiac Disease Testing

Celiac disease is a hereditary, chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley. When an individual with celiac disease ingests gluten, the body mounts an immune response that attacks the small intestine.

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-049 Metabolite Markers of Thiopurines Testing

Thiopurines are a class of purine antimetabolite immunomodulators with diverse clinical applications in treatment of autoimmune disorders, transplant rejection, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Belmont, 2024).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-048 Testing for Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a genetic disease that causes deficient or defective production of the alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) protease inhibitor that can affect the lungs, liver, and skin (Stoller, 2024).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-046 Nerve Fiber Density Testing

Nerve fiber density testing involves analysis of skin biopsy stained with an antibody to antiprotein gene product 9.5 (Wilkinson et al., 1989) which avidly stains all axons (Dalsgaard et al., 1989).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-043 Biochemical Markers of Alzheimer Disease and Dementia

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease defined by a gradual decline in memory, cognitive functions, gross atrophy of the brain, and accumulation of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (Karch et al., 2014).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-040 Oral Cancer Screening and Testing

Oral cancer is defined as cancer occurring in the oral cavity between the vermilion border of the lips and the junction of the hard and soft palates or the posterior one third of the tongue. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of oral cancer (Gross et al., 2024).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-039 In Vitro Chemoresistance and Chemosensitivity Assays

In vitro chemotherapy sensitivity and resistance assays refer to any in vitro laboratory analysis that is performed specifically to evaluate whether tumor growth is inhibited by a known chemotherapy drug or, more commonly, a panel of drugs (Hatok et al., 2009; Schrag et al., 2004)

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-035 Prostate Biopsy Specimen Analysis

Prostate cancer is characterized by a malignancy of the small walnut-shaped gland that produces seminal fluid. This malignancy can present with a wide clinical range, from only being a microscopic, well-differentiated tumor that may never be clinically significant all the way to being an aggressive, high-grade cancer (Taplin & Smith, 2024).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-032 Epithelial Cell Cytology in Breast Cancer Risk Assessment

Nipple aspiration and/or ductal lavage are non-invasive techniques to obtain epithelial cells for cytological examination to aid in the evaluation of nipple discharge for breast cancer risk (Golshan, 2024).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-031 Bone Turnover Markers Testing

Bone metabolism involves a continual, dynamic equilibrium between bone growth and resorption. Bone turnover markers (BTMs) are biochemical markers for assessment of bone formation or bone resorption.

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-022 Cervical Cancer Screening

Cervical cancer screening detects cervical precancerous lesions and cancer through cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, and if needed, colposcopy (Feldman et al., 2024).

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Compliance, Regulatory & Policies - Policy, Billing, or Coverage Update - 2025
Reimbursement Policy: PO-RE-021 Testing for Diagnosis of Active or Latent Tuberculosis

Infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) results in a wide range of clinical presentations dependent upon the site of infection from classic signs and symptoms of pulmonary disease (cough greater than two to three weeks' duration, lymphadenopathy, fevers, night sweats, weight loss) to silent infection with a complete absence of signs or symptoms (Lewinsohn et al., 2017).

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